April 30, 2009

The socialization of homosexuality and heterosexuality in a non-Western society

JournalArchives of Sexual Behavior
PublisherSpringer Netherlands
ISSN0004-0002 (Print) 1573-2800 (Online)
IssueVolume 18, Number 1 / February, 1989
DOI10.1007/BF01579288
Pages13-29
Subject CollectionBehavioral Science
SpringerLink DateMonday, May 16, 2005


John D. Baldwin1 and Janice I. Baldwin1

(1) Department of Sociology, University of California, 93106 Santa Barbara, California, USA

Abstract  Data on the Sambia—a tribe living in Papua New Guinea—are presented to demonstrate how Sambia males develop a homosexual orientation in boyhood and adolescence, then switch to become heterosexuals in adulthood. Social learning theory is used to explain how sexual orientation in the Sambia change from homo- to heterosexual during the transition to adulthood. Whereas most learning analyses of sexual orientation are based on data from Western cultures, this manuscript extends that literature to deal with a non-Western culture. While including Pavlovian and operant conditioning, which is stressed in many learning analyses of sexual learning, the present analysis also includes detail on the social and cognitive learning principles that are important in understanding the learning of sexual orientation and behavior.

Key words  homosexuality - bisexuality - heterosexuality - learning theory - non-Western culture

Note from Reclaiming Natural Manhood site: 

The only problem with this paper is their assumption that the men become exclusively heterosexual after marriage. The Western 'experts' can't help expolating their values on the non-western subjects, often forcefully and without any evidences.